Numerical source data for graphs alpha clock EEG

This folder contains the Numerical source data for graphs associated with the article “Source-space EEG Alpha Activity Reveals Brain Age Gaps Due to Neurodegeneration and Disparity.” The study tested whether the brain age gap (BAG)—the difference between chronological age and EEG-predicted brain age—captures neurodegenerative processes when derived from resting-state EEG α-oscillations reconstructed in source space. Using spectral descriptors of α activity from 1,228 participants (healthy controls, individuals with MCI, and patients with Alzheimer’s disease or behavioural variant frontotemporal dementia) across 10 countries spanning different levels of structural inequality, BAG was elevated in MCI and dementia, particularly in posterior cortical regions. Structural inequality emerged as the strongest predictor of BAG, exceeding cognition, education, and sex. Overall, the findings support α-oscillation–based brain clocks as sensitive, scalable functional markers of brain ageing that capture both neurodegeneration and the impact of social disparities, with translational potential for population screening in resource-limited settings.