Head transcriptomes of Neotropical fruit flies Anastrepha obliqua and Anastrepha fraterculus

Several species of Neotropical fruit flies of the Anastrepha genus are considered as agricultural pests, because of the damage they cause to a variety of fleshy fruits. Anastrepha obliqua and Anastrepha fraterculus have diverged recently with evidence of introgression and show similar morphological attributes that render their identification difficult, reinforcing the relevance of identifying new molecular markers that may differentiate species. We sequenced the transcriptomes of head tissues of these two species, at different reproductive stages: virgin and post-mating from both sexes and post-oviposition only from females. This data allowed us to identify fixed single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and highly differentiated transcripts, which are potentially important to identify species and understand the speciation process in the presence of gene flow.