Dioscorealides and Dioscoreanone, Novel Cytotoxic Naphthofuranoxepins, and 1,4-Phenanthraquinone from <i>Dioscorea </i><i>m</i><i>embranacea</i> Pierre

Commonly used among ingredients in Thai traditional anticancer preparations, the rhizome of Dioscorea membranacea Pierre was found potently cytotoxic and possibly contributed to such a therapeutic effect. Bioassay-guided isolation resulted in two novel cytotoxic naphthofuranoxepins, dioscorealides A (1) and B (2), and a new 1,4-phenanthraquinone, dioscoreanone (3). The structure determination, achieved mainly by means of NMR and CD spectral and X-ray crystallographic analyses, and cytotoxicity are discussed here.