THE CONTEMPORARY FRAMEWORK OF VALUE ADDED TAX CALCULATION AND COLLECTION MECHANISMS IN THE REPUBLIC OF UZBEKISTAN

This article examines the legal framework and administration mechanisms of Value Added Tax (VAT) in Uzbekistan following the 2020 Tax Code reforms. The study analyzes the transition to a unified 12% standard rate, the electronic invoicing (EHF) system, and the input tax credit mechanism. Based on official statistics, the article evaluates VAT revenue performance, identifies structural challenges — including compliance gaps and refund processing delays — and proposes evidence-based policy recommendations aligned with OECD best practices.