USACE CWMS - Thames Watershed

The Corps Water Management System (CWMS) includes four interrelated models to assist with water management for the basin:
- GeoHMS (Geospatial Hydrologic Modeling Extension)
- ResSIM (Reservoir System Simulation)
- RAS (River Analysis System)
- FIA (Flood Impact Analysis)
The Thames River Basin is located within the states of
Connecticut, Massachusetts and Rhode Island. Of the 1,474 square miles that make up the basin, 1,162
square miles, or 79% of the basin, extends into Connecticut. About 17% of the basin is located in
Massachusetts and the remaining 4% in Rhode Island. The basin is characterized by a hilly terrain
comprised of lakes, ponds and several reservoirs. Elevations within the Thames River Basin range from
600 feet to about 1200 feet above mean sea level in the northwest.
The coastal location of the Thames River basin exposes it to the effects of cyclonic disturbances and
coastal storms in the region, resulting in periods of heavy precipitation. On an average, this basin
receives approximately 46 inches of precipitation annually. The average annual snowfall in Groton,
Connecticut is about 25 inches, which is representative of the coastal regions of the Thames River
Basin. Within the upper Quinebaug River watershed, the average annual snowfall ranges from 54 to 65
inches.
The Thames River basin derives its name from Thames River, which is a 15 mile long tidal estuary
extending from the confluence of the Shetucket and Yantic Rivers near Norwich, CT to Long Island
Sound at New London, CT. Some of its major tributaries include the French River, Quinebaug River,
Yantic River, Shetucket River, Willimantic River, Natchaug River and Mt. Hope River. Of these, the
Quinebaug and French Rivers have their origins in Massachusetts.
The key inflow gages in the Thames River basin include Yantic River at Yantic, Natchaug River at
Willimantic, Shetucket River Near Willimantic, Little River Near Oxford, French River Below Dam at
Hodges Village and Quinebaug River Below East Brimfield Dam At Fiskdale.
There are six USACE dams located within the Thames River Basin. They include the Mansfield Hollow
Dam on the Natchaug River, Buffumville Dam on Little River, Hodges Village Dam on French River and
East Brimfield Dam, Westville Dam and West Thompson Dam on Quinebaug River. Mansfield Hollow
Dam primarily serves the purpose of flood protection for the community of Willimantic located
immediately below the dam. Similarly, other dams primarily provide flood protection to downstream
communities – Buffumville Lake and Hodges Village dams to the town of Oxford, East Brimfield Dam to
the town of Sturbridge, Westville Dam to the town of Southbridge and West Thompson Dam to the town
of Putnam.
The Thames River basin is one of the most rural basins in the New England Region, with majority of the
land use characterized by agriculture, forest land and open space. Dairy, poultry operations and truck
farming form the major agriculture businesses. Major manufacturing industries within the basin include
textiles, lumber, machinery and fabricated metals. While wholesale and retail trade industries have seen
an increase in employment in recent years, agriculture, forestry and fisheries have continued to decline
steadily.

科尔斯水资源管理系统（CWMS）包含四个相互关联的模型，旨在协助该流域的水资源管理：
- 地理水文模型扩展（GeoHMS）
- 水库系统模拟（ResSIM）
- 河流分析系统（RAS）
- 洪水影响分析（FIA）
泰晤士河流域位于康涅狄格州、马萨诸塞州和罗德岛州境内。该流域总面积为1,474平方英里，其中1,162平方英里，即流域面积的79%，属于康涅狄格州。大约17%的流域位于马萨诸塞州，剩余4%位于罗德岛州。流域地形以丘陵为主，包含湖泊、池塘和多个水库。泰晤士河流域内的海拔高度从西北部的600英尺到约1,200英尺不等，高出平均海平面。
泰晤士河流域沿海的地理位置使其容易受到该地区气旋性扰动和沿海风暴的影响，导致降水期频繁。平均而言，该流域每年大约接收46英寸的降水量。康涅狄格州格罗顿的平均年降雪量约为25英寸，这代表了泰晤士河流域沿海地区的特征。在上奎尼贝瓜克河流域，平均年降雪量介于54至65英寸之间。
泰晤士河流域得名于泰晤士河，该河是一条长达15英里的潮汐河口，从康涅狄格州诺威奇附近舍特卡特河和扬蒂克河的汇合处延伸至康涅狄格州新伦敦的朗岛海峡。其主要支流包括法国河、奎尼贝瓜克河、扬蒂克河、舍特卡特河、威尔林特河、纳丘阿格河和霍普山河。其中，奎尼贝瓜克河和法国河的源头位于马萨诸塞州。
泰晤士河流域的关键流量监测点包括位于扬蒂克河的扬蒂克、位于威尔林特的纳丘阿格河、位于威尔林特附近的舍特卡特河、位于牛津附近的利特尔河、霍奇斯维尔附近大坝下的法国河以及菲斯达尔附近东布里姆菲尔德大坝下的奎尼贝瓜克河。
在泰晤士河流域内共有六个美国陆军工程兵团（USACE）大坝。它们分别是位于纳丘阿格河上的曼斯菲尔德空地大坝、位于利特尔河上的巴夫米勒大坝、位于法国河上的霍奇斯维尔大坝和东布里姆菲尔德大坝、位于奎尼贝瓜克河上的韦斯特维尔大坝和韦斯特汤普森大坝。曼斯菲尔德空地大坝主要用于保护大坝下方立即的威尔林特社区免受洪水侵害。同样，其他大坝主要用于保护下游社区——巴夫米勒湖和霍奇斯维尔大坝保护牛津镇、东布里姆菲尔德大坝保护斯特布里奇镇、韦斯特维尔大坝保护南布里奇镇和韦斯特汤普森大坝保护普特南镇。
泰晤士河流域是新英格兰地区最乡村化的流域之一，其中大部分土地利用类型为农业、森林和开阔空间。乳制品、家禽养殖和卡车农场构成了主要的农业业务。流域内的主要制造业包括纺织、木材、机械和金属制品。尽管近年来批发和零售贸易行业就业人数有所增加，但农业、林业和渔业持续稳步下降。