Gut microbiome and metabolome of transverse aortic constriction (TAC) induced mice. Heart failure severity closely correlates with intestinal dysbiosis and subsequent metabolomic alterations

Growing evidence suggests an altered gut microbiome in patients with heart failure (HF), which may play a modulatory role in disease manifestation. Mice were subjected to transverse aortic constriction (TAC) to induce HF. Fecal (on days 0, 7, 14, 42) and ileal (on day 42) bacterial diversity was analyzed by high-throughput sequencing of 16S rDNA amplicons. Circulating metabolites were correlated to bacterial populations, and differentially abundant metabolic pathways were assessed.