Energy consumption of scientific visualisation and data visualisation algorithms

This data set comprises a series of measurements of GPU power consumption when raycasting spherical glyphs, raycasting scalar fields and when showing web-based data visualisation on Observable HQ. The data sets for sphere rendering were: pos_rad_intensity : 500000 : 0 : 10 10 10 : 0.01 0.1 500,000 spheres placed randomly, but usinga fixed seed, in a box of 10 × 10 × 10 units with a radius between 0.01 and 0.1 pos_rad_intensity : 5000000 : 0 : 10 10 10 : 0.01 0.1 5,000,000 spheres placed randomly, but usinga fixed seed, in a box of 10 × 10 × 10 units with a radius between 0.01 and 0.1 The scalar fields used for the volume rendering were: veiled-chameleon.u8.dat A 1024 × 1024 × 1080 8-bit scalar field of a chameleon foot.dat A 256 × 256 × 256 8-bit scalar field of a human foot The websites visited for the information visualisation application case are: https://observablehq.com/@d3/bar-chart Bar chart https://observablehq.com/@d3/brushable-parallel-coordinates Brushable Parallel Coordinates https://observablehq.com/@d3/density-contours/3 Density Contours https://observablehq.com/@d3/chord-dependency-diagram Chord Dependency Diagram https://observablehq.com/@d3/world-choropleth Choropleth, World https://observablehq.com/@robsutcliffe/dirty-planet/2 Dirty Planet (WebGL) https://observablehq.com/@mbostock/hertzsprung-russell-diagram Hertzsprung-Russell Diagram https://observablehq.com/@d3/bollinger-bands Line Chart, Bollinger Bands https://observablehq.com/@pamacha/platonic-gobstopper Platonic Gobstopper (WebGL) https://observablehq.com/@observablehq/plot-horizon Plot: Horizon Chart https://observablehq.com/@d3/sankey Sankey Diagram https://observablehq.com/@d3/json-treemap Treemap, JSON https://observablehq.com/@observablehq/vispubdata Visualization Publication Dataset (Multiple visualisations on the same page) https://observablehq.com/@mbostock/yarn-lock-visualizer Yarn.lock Visualizer (Node-link diagram) The power sensors employed include the software sensors by AMD and NVIDIA exposed via ADL and NVML, respectively; Tinkerforge Voltage/Current 2.0 bricklets (for measuring most of the internal power rails of the computer individually) and a power analyser attached between the system and the wall socket. They are designated as follows: ADL/ASIC/{0-6} Power readings obtained from the GPU via the AMD Display Library. HMC Power measurements between system and wall socket obtained from a Rohde & Schwarz HMC8015 NVML Power readings obtained from the gPU via the NVIDIA Management Library TF_ATX_12 Power draw of the ATX 12V rail obtained via a Tinkerforge Voltage/Current 2.0 Bricklet TF_ATX_3_3 Power draw of the ATX 3.3V rail obtained via a Tinkerforge Voltage/Current 2.0 Bricklet TF_ATX_5 Power draw of the ATX 5V rail obtained via a Tinkerforge Voltage/Current 2.0 Bricklet TF_CPU_P4 Power draw of the P4 power connector to the CPU obtained via a Tinkerforge Voltage/Current 2.0 Bricklet TF_CPU_P8 Power draw of the P8 power connector to the CPU obtained via a Tinkerforge Voltage/Current 2.0 Bricklet TF_CPU TF_CPU_P4 + TF_CPU_P8 TF_GPU TF_GPU_PCI_12 + TF_GPU_PCI_3_3 + TF_PCIE_1 + TF_PCIE_2 TF_GPU_PCI_12 Power draw of the GPU via the 12V rail of the PEG slot obtained via a Tinkerforge Voltage/Current 2.0 Bricklet TF_GPU_PCI_3_3 Power draw of the GPU via the 3.3V rail of the PEG slot obtained via a Tinkerforge Voltage/Current 2.0 Bricklet TF_PCIE_1 Power draw of the GPU via the first PCIe cable obtained via a Tinkerforge Voltage/Current 2.0 Bricklet TF_PCIE_2 Power draw of the GPU via the second PCIe cable obtained via a Tinkerforge Voltage/Current 2.0 Bricklet TF_SUM The sum of all Tinkerforge Voltage/Current 2.0 Bricklets TF_ATX TF_ATX_12 + TF_ATX_5 + TF_ATX_3_3 - TF_GPU_PCI_12 - TF_GPU_PCI_3_3 For the two scivis application cases, data are provided in form of CSV files that contain pivot tables, which hold all information about a single test run in a single row. The averaged power measurement was made during the time span when measuring the wall-clock timings. As the browser-based information visualisations exhibit a varying power draw while loading and displaying the page, the raw sensor data over time are provided for four separate test runs. For a better overview over these data, we provide line charts in the PDFs located in the infovis-charts folder for each of the tested web-based applications.

本数据集包含了一系列关于GPU在投射球形图元、投射标量场以及展示基于Observable HQ的网页数据可视化时的功耗测量数据。球体渲染数据集包括：

- pos_rad_intensity：500000 : 0 : 10 10 10 : 0.01 0.1，500,000个随机放置的球体，但使用固定的随机数种子，在10 × 10 × 10单位的立方体内，半径介于0.01和0.1之间。
- pos_rad_intensity：5000000 : 0 : 10 10 10 : 0.01 0.1，5,000,000个随机放置的球体，但使用固定的随机数种子，在10 × 10 × 10单位的立方体内，半径介于0.01和0.1之间。
标量场用于体渲染包括：veiled-chameleon.u8.dat，1024 × 1024 × 1080分辨率的8位标量场，模拟变色龙的足部；chameleon_foot.dat，256 × 256 × 256分辨率的8位标量场，模拟人足。
用于信息可视化应用案例访问的网站包括：
- https://observablehq.com/@d3/bar-chart，条形图
- https://observablehq.com/@d3/brushable-parallel-coordinates，可刷选的平行坐标
- https://observablehq.com/@d3/density-contours/3，密度等值线
- https://observablehq.com/@d3/chord-dependency-diagram，和弦依赖图
- https://observablehq.com/@d3/world-choropleth，世界着色图
- https://observablehq.com/@robsutcliffe/dirty-planet/2，脏地球（WebGL）
- https://observablehq.com/@mbostock/hertzsprung-russell-diagram，赫茨斯普朗-勒维特图
- https://observablehq.com/@d3/bollinger-bands，布林带线图
- https://observablehq.com/@pamacha/platonic-gobstopper，柏拉图糖果（WebGL）
- https://observablehq.com/@observablehq/plot-horizon，绘图：水平图
- https://observablehq.com/@d3/sankey，桑基图
- https://observablehq.com/@observablehq/vispubdata，可视化出版物数据集（同一页面上有多个可视化）
- https://observablehq.com/@mbostock/yarn-lock-visualizer，Yarn.lock可视化器（节点-链接图）。
所使用的功率传感器包括AMD和NVIDIA通过ADL和NVML分别暴露的软件传感器；Tinkerforge电压/电流2.0模块（用于单独测量计算机的大部分内部电源总线）以及连接于系统和电源插座之间的功率分析仪。它们被指定如下：
ADL/ASIC/{0-6}，通过AMD显示库从GPU获取的功率读数。
HMC，从Rohde & Schwarz HMC8015获取的系统与墙壁插座之间的功率测量值。
NVML，通过NVIDIA管理库从GPU获取的功率读数。
TF_ATX_12，通过Tinkerforge电压/电流2.0模块从ATX 12V总线获取的功耗。
TF_ATX_3_3，通过Tinkerforge电压/电流2.0模块从ATX 3.3V总线获取的功耗。
TF_ATX_5，通过Tinkerforge电压/电流2.0模块从ATX 5V总线获取的功耗。
TF_CPU_P4，通过Tinkerforge电压/电流2.0模块从CPU的P4电源连接器获取的功耗。
TF_CPU_P8，通过Tinkerforge电压/电流2.0模块从CPU的P8电源连接器获取的功耗。
TF_CPU，TF_CPU_P4 + TF_CPU_P8。
TF_GPU，TF_GPU_PCI_12 + TF_GPU_PCI_3_3 + TF_PCIE_1 + TF_PCIE_2。
TF_GPU_PCI_12，通过Tinkerforge电压/电流2.0模块从PEG插槽的12V总线获取的GPU功耗。
TF_GPU_PCI_3_3，通过Tinkerforge电压/电流2.0模块从PEG插槽的3.3V总线获取的GPU功耗。
TF_PCIE_1，通过Tinkerforge电压/电流2.0模块从第一根PCIe电缆获取的GPU功耗。
TF_PCIE_2，通过Tinkerforge电压/电流2.0模块从第二根PCIe电缆获取的GPU功耗。
TF_SUM，所有Tinkerforge电压/电流2.0模块的总和。
TF_ATX，TF_ATX_12 + TF_ATX_5 + TF_ATX_3_3 - TF_GPU_PCI_12 - TF_GPU_PCI_3_3。
对于两个科学可视化应用案例，数据以CSV文件的形式提供，其中包含数据透视表，每个数据透视表占据单行，包含单个测试运行的所有信息。平均功率测量是在测量墙钟时间时进行的。由于基于浏览器的信息可视化在加载和显示页面时表现出不同的功耗，因此提供了四个单独测试运行的原始传感器数据。为了更好地概述这些数据，我们为每个测试的基于网页的应用程序提供了infovis-charts文件夹中PDF文件中的折线图。