Data and numerical simulation setup for Fluid inertia controls mixing-induced precipitation and clogging in pore to network-scale flows

Mixing-induced mineral precipitation, a critical process in both natural and engineering processes, presents complex challenges in terms of control and predictability. The dynamics of precipitation, particularly under the influence of fluid flow, remain poorly understood. Using microfluidic experiments and three-dimensional reactive transport simulations, we demonstrate that fluid inertia controls mineral precipitation and clogging at flow intersections, even in laminar flows. We discern distinct precipitation regimes as a function of Reynolds number: low Reynolds numbers (Re ≤ 10) lead to precipitation shut off, whereas high Reynolds numbers (Re ≥ 50) prompt rapid clogging. Additionally, when injection rates are uneven from two inlets, we observed unexpected flow bifurcation phenomena, which resulted in enhanced concurrent precipitation in both downstream channels. Finally, we extend our findings to rough channel intersections and networks and demonstrate that the identified inertial effects that shape precipitation and clogging at the pore scale are also present and even more dramatic at the network scale. The findings provide a framework for designing and optimizing processes in which precipitation is an essential component, as well as shedding light on the fundamental mechanisms governing mixing-induced mineral precipitation in flow systems.