Polysaccharides derived from Rosa rugosa cv. Plena ameliorate colorectal cancer by regulating intestinal microbiota composition and lipid metabolism pathway

This study elucidates the anti-colorectal cancer mechanism of Rosa rugosa cv. Plena polysaccharide RPP1 against AOM DSS induced carcinogenesis. Purified via water extraction and chromatography, RPP1 was characterized as an eight-monosaccharide polymer by HPLC. Integrated multi-omics analyses revealed RPP1 remodeled gut microbiota composition through suppression of pro-inflammatory Bacteroides and Desulfovibrio concurrent with enrichment of beneficial Eubacterium and Muribaculum. Collectively, RPP1 alleviates CRC through multifaceted modulation of gut microbiota, lipidomic remodeling, and immune pathway activation.