U.S. COVID-19 MakeMyTestCount Self-Test Data

This dataset includes COVID-19 self-test result data voluntarily reported by users of tests through the MakeMyTestCount website (makemytestcount.org). All fields are self-reported by the user with the exception of fields derived from the self-reported zip code. This dataset will be updated monthly. If there are any questions, please direct them to the data steward, Jasmine Chaitram <[e-mail]>.

This dataset includes the following self-reported data:
- Date (by week)– date of test shown by week starting date
- Age group (years) – age of individual taking the test, categorized into the following: 2-4, 5-11, 12-15, 16-17, 18-29, 30-39, 40-49, 50-64, 65-74, 75+
- Race – race of individual taking the test: American Indian or Alaska Native, Asian, Black, Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander, White, Multiple or Other, missing
- Ethnicity – ethnicity of individual taking the test: Hispanic, Non-Hispanic, missing
- Sex – sex of individual taking the test: male, female, missing
- Test result – positive, negative, inconclusive

The dataset also includes the following columns to support analyses. These columns are based on the self-reported zip code:
- State abbreviation
- State name
- State FIPS code
- FEMA region

Please note that there are limitations with these data, including:

1. Data are not comprehensive of all self-tests performed. Data represent results voluntarily reported by an individual via the MakeMyTestCount website. These data do not include self-test results that were reported to state and local health departments if they were not also reported through the MakeMyTestCount website. The true denominator (known number of tests completed in the US) cannot be ascertained and reflects a small fraction of the number of self-tests used.

2. Data are not verified. The quality of specimen, appropriate execution of self-test, result produced, and person tested are unverified; therefore, reported interpretation of results cannot be confirmed. All results and accompanying demographic information are also self-reported and cannot be verified.

3. Data reports are not complete. Individual submissions vary widely in terms of the data elements collected. Not all data elements are required (only date, age, and zip code), and some results are missing demographic information.

4. Data are not representative. Based on the limited number of self-reported test results, this dataset is not representative of the use of self-testing by demographic, nor is the dataset inclusive of all self-testing completed within each jurisdiction. This dataset represents a small proportion of overall COVID-19 testing conducted and reported volumes are much lower than testing conducted in point of care and laboratory settings.

5. Data represent individual test results, not persons tested. Data in this dataset are not linkable and do not allow for analyses around serial testing. Data also cannot be disaggregated to identify multiple reports by the same individual.

All analyses should be completed with these limitations in mind.

For more information about the challenges and opportunities around self-test data, please refer to the following article: Ritchey MD, Rosenblum HG, Del Guercio K, et al. COVID-19 Self-Test Data: Challenges and Opportunities — United States, October 31, 2021–June 11, 2022. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2022;71:1005–1010. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15585/mmwr.mm7132a1

本数据集收录了通过MakeMyTestCount网站（makemytestcount.org）自愿提交的COVID-19自我检测结果的用户数据。除由用户自行报告的邮编派生字段外，所有字段均为用户自行报告。本数据集将每月更新一次。如有任何疑问，请咨询数据管理员Jasmine Chaitram（[e-mail]）。

数据集包含以下自我报告的数据：
- 测试日期（按周）- 以周起始日期显示的测试日期
- 年龄组（岁）- 参与测试的个体年龄，分为以下类别：2-4岁，5-11岁，12-15岁，16-17岁，18-29岁，30-39岁，40-49岁，50-64岁，65-74岁，75岁以上
- 种族- 参与测试的个体种族：美洲印第安人或阿拉斯加原住民，亚洲人，黑人，夏威夷原住民或其他太平洋岛民，白人，多民族或其他，缺失
- 种族出身- 参与测试的个体种族出身：西班牙裔，非西班牙裔，缺失
- 性别- 参与测试的个体性别：男性，女性，缺失
- 测试结果- 阳性，阴性，不确定

数据集还包括以下列以支持分析。这些列基于自我报告的邮编：
- 州缩写
- 州名
- 州FIPS代码
- FEMA区域

请注意，这些数据存在以下局限性：
1. 数据并不涵盖所有自我检测的结果。数据代表通过MakeMyTestCount网站自愿报告的个人结果，不包括通过其他渠道报告给州和地方卫生部门但未通过MakeMyTestCount网站报告的自我检测结果。无法确定真实的基数（在美国完成的测试总数），反映的是自我检测使用量的一小部分。
2. 数据未经验证。标本质量、自我检测的适当执行、生成的结果以及被测试者的身份均未得到验证；因此，报告的结果解释不能得到确认。所有结果以及伴随的统计数据也是自我报告的，无法得到验证。
3. 数据报告不完整。个人提交的数据元素差异很大。并非所有数据元素都是必需的（仅包括日期、年龄和邮编），并且一些结果缺少人口统计数据。
4. 数据不具有代表性。基于有限的自我报告测试结果，本数据集不代表按人口统计数据使用自我检测的情况，也不包括每个司法管辖区完成的全部自我检测。本数据集代表总体COVID-19检测中的一小部分，报告的检测量远低于在点护理和实验室环境中进行的检测。
5. 数据代表单个测试结果，而非被检测者的信息。本数据集中的数据不可链接，无法进行关于连续检测的分析。数据也无法细分以识别同一个体的多次报告。

所有分析都应在考虑到这些局限性的情况下完成。

有关自我检测数据方面的挑战和机遇的更多信息，请参阅以下文章：Ritchey MD，Rosenblum HG，Del Guercio K，等. COVID-19自我检测数据：挑战与机遇——美国，2021年10月31日至2022年6月11日. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2022；71：1005–1010. DOI：http://dx.doi.org/10.15585/mmwr.mm7132a1