Low dose Leptin (25 ng/hr and 12.5 ng/hr) in ob/ob mice

Ob/ob mice were given 0, 12.5 or 25 ng/hr leptin through an osmotic pump. After 12 days, livers RNA was prepared and illumina microarrays were done. We tested whether leptin can ameliorate diabetes independent of weight loss by defining the lowest dose at which leptin treatment of ob/ob mice reduces plasma [glucose] and [insulin]. We found that a leptin dose of 12.5 ng/hour significantly lowers blood glucose and that 25 ng/hour of leptin normalizes plasma glucose and insulin without significantly reducing body weight, thus establishing that leptin exerts its most potent effects on glucose metabolism. To find possible mediators of this effect, we profiled liver mRNA using microarrays and identified IGF Binding Protein 2 as being regulated by leptin with a similarly high potency. Over-expression of IGFBP2 by an adenovirus reversed diabetes in insulin resistant ob/ob, Ay/a and diet-induced obese mice (DIO), as well as insulin deficient streptozotocin-treated mice. Hyperinsulinemic clamp studies showed a three-fold improvement in hepatic insulin sensitivity following IGFBP2 treatment in ob/ob mice. These results show that IGFBP2 can regulate glucose metabolism, a finding with potential implications for the pathogenesis and treatment of diabetes. n=3 for zero and 25 ng/hr. n=2 for 12.5 ng/hr