Mechanisms of Golgiphagy and their correlations under different stresses

Golgiphagy, a newly identified selective autophagy pathway, mediates the direct degradation of Golgi components to maintain its structural and functional homeostasis. It serves as a pivotal mechanism in the cellular response to environmental stress and has emerged as a frontier hotspot in cell biology and disease research. Since its initial discovery and naming in 2020, significant breakthroughs have been achieved in the development of research tools, elucidation of core molecular mechanisms, and exploration of disease associations. This article systematically reviews the induction mechanisms of Golgiphagy under both nutritional and non-nutritional stress conditions, elaborates on the compartmentalized, multi-receptor cooperative regulatory network centered around various receptors, and discusses its interplay with other organelles as well as its roles in various diseases. Finally, the challenges and future directions in this field are outlined, aiming to facilitate the translation of fundamental research on Golgiphagy toward clinical applications in Golgi medicine.