Structural chromosomal rearrangements mirror the evolutionary differences between African trypanosomes.. Chromosomal rearrangement in African Trypanosomes

African trypanosomes are unicellular blood parasites that infect human (Human African Trypanosomaisis), domestic animals and wild antelope animals (African Animal Trypanosomaisis). The main African trypanosomes are T. bruce, T. congolese and T. viva. The first two are transmitted via the tsetse fly only where it undergo a cyclical proliferation and it geographically confined to Africa while the T. vivax transmitted via cyclical (tsetse fly) and non-cyclical transmission in other blood-biting insects so that it expanded to infect animals in South and central America. These differences might mirror a significant genomicndifferences that could be revealed baby using PacBio Long-read SMRT sequencing.