Hydrological and current velocity data from moorings P1, P2, P4, P5 and P6 in the Filchner Trough region in the southern Weddell Sea, February 2017 to March 2021

deep water formed around the antarctic continent drives the world ocean circulation. more than 50% of this deep water is formed within only about 10% of the antarctic circumpolar band: the weddell sea. subtle changes in the circulation of the weddell sea can lead to major changes in floating ice shelves, with critical implications for global sea-level, the production of deep water, and the global ocean overturning circulation. the filchner trough on the continental shelf in the southern weddell sea plays an important role for the water mass exchange between the cold water on the continental shelf and the warm water off the continental shelf: it serves as a conduit for relatively warm water to flow southward across the continental shelf toward the filchner ronne ice shelf and for the dense, cold water produced underneath the ice shelf to flow northward off the continental shelf to feed antarctic bottom water. four moorings (p1, p2, p4, p5) were places within the inflow pathway of the warm water at the northern entrance to the filchner trough on the continental shelf, and one mooring (p6) was placed off the continental shelf over the deep ocean. the mooring time series cover the period from february 2017 to march 2021 and are used to investigate the processes controlling the on-shore transport of relatively warm water onto the shelf toward the ice shelf and the interaction of the warm water with the cold dense water. the moorings provide observations of the circulation on the continental shelf and the temperature variability on small (tidal) to large (seasonal, interannual) time scales.

环绕南极大陆的深海水流驱动了全球海洋环流。其中超过50%的深海水流是在南极环绕带仅约10%的范围内形成的：威德尔海。威德尔海环流中的微妙变化可能导致浮冰平台的重大变化，这对全球海平面、深海水的产生以及全球海洋翻转环流具有关键性影响。位于南威德尔海大陆架上方的菲尔钦特海峡在冷海水与大陆架上方的暖水质量交换中扮演着重要角色：它作为相对暖水流向南方穿越大陆架、流向菲尔钦特-罗恩冰架的通道，以及冰架下方产生的密集冷水流向北方穿越大陆架、为南极底层水提供养分的通道。四个浮标（P1、P2、P4、P5）被放置在菲尔钦特海峡北部入口处暖水流入路径内，一个浮标（P6）被放置在大陆架外部的深海洋域。浮标时间序列覆盖了从2017年2月到2021年3月的时间段，并被用于研究控制相对暖水向大陆架及冰架方向岸上运输的过程，以及暖水与冷密集水的相互作用。这些浮标提供了大陆架上环流和从小（潮汐）到大（季节性、年际）时间尺度上的温度变率的观测数据。