Raw sperm images and cubic phase mask PSF

A wavefront coding (WFC) based decoupled illumination-detection light sheet fluorescence microscopy (DID-LSFM) system that integrates machine learning for high-speed volumetric imaging is presented. This approach enables high-speed volumetric imaging of three-dimensional (3D) porcine sperm flagellar dynamics at up to 80 volumes/s, more than twice the typical volumetric video rate. The proposed method provides an approach to visualize the 3D sperm flagellar dynamics, information that is not include in Computer-Assisted Sperm Analysis (CASA). The proposed imaging system combined with CASA could have the potential to provide an advanced platform for quantitative reproductive studies.