Long-term effects of intercropping on multi-trophic structure and bio-thermodynamic health of mixed Eucalyptus-native tree plantations

Datasets included: 1\) Change of species abundance: * Time: 2016 and 2018 (1 and 13 years after planting) * Latin name of each tree species * Abundance: Number of trees per unit area 2\) Tree layer: * Time: 2018 (13 years after planting) * Grouping trees as *E. urophylla* and native trees * Plant biomass density (biomass per unit area in *E. urophylla* and native trees roles, respectively) * Average diameters at breast height for *E. urophylla* and native trees * Average heights for *E. urophylla* and native trees * Average crown sizes for *E. urophylla* and native trees * Mortality rates for *E. urophylla* and native tree **3) Plant community:** * Time: 2018 (13 years after planting) * Grouping plants into three layers (trees, shrubs and herbs) and plant community as a whole * Eco-exergy indicates the genetic complexity embedded in the biomass of each plant community * Specific eco-exergy, indicates the eco-exergy per unit biomass for each plant community * Biomass per unit area of each plant community * Richness indicates species richness of each plant community * Shannon.Wiener indicates Shannon-Wiener index of each plant community * Evenness indicates Pielou index of each plant community 4\) Soil fauna: * Time: 2018 (13 years after planting) * Season: dry and wet seasons * Shannon.Wiener indicates Shannon-Wiener index of soil fauna * Evenness indicates Pielou index of soil fauna * Richness indicates species richness of soil fauna * Abundance indicates numbers of soil fauna per unit area * Biomass per unit area of soil fauna * Eco-exergy indicates the genetic complexity embedded in the biomass of soil fauna * Specific eco-exergy indicates the community eco-exergy per unit biomass of soil fauna 5\) Soil microbial community: * Time: 2018 (13 years after planting) * Season: dry and wet season * Actinomycetes PLFA * AMF(arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi) PLFA * Fungi PLFA * General bacteria PLFA * Gram negative bacteria PLFA * Gram positive bacteria PLFA * F/B indicates the ratio of fungal(AMF, Fungi) to bacterial PLFAs (general bacteria, gram negative bacteria, gram positive bacteria and 15:0, 17:0 ) * Total PLFA indicates total PLFAs of the soil microbial community * Eco-exergy indicates genetic complexity embedded in the biomass of soil fauna community * Specific eco-exergy indicates community eco-exergy per unit biomass of soil fauna community 6\) Soil : * Time: 2018 (13 years after planting) * Soil layers: 0-20 cm, 20-40 cm, 40-60 cm * SOC indicates soil organic carbon contents * NO3--N indicate concentration of nitrate nitrogen (NO3--N) * NH4+-N indicates concentration of ammonium nitrogen (NH4+-N) * AP indicates soil available potassium contents * AK indicates soil available phosphorus contents \**Stand type: **6 stand types, i.e., a four-level intercropping gradient of *E. urophylla* planted with eight native tree species (20%NS, 30%NS, 40%NS, 50%NS) were set up as treatments, with a monoculture *E. urophylla *plantation (EU) and a randomly mixed plantation of nine native tree species (NS) as controls. All six types of plantations were set up by planting one-year-old seedings with a 3 m × 2 m spacing on homogeneous degraded hilly land in 2005, after it was initially burned in 2004.