SAXS/WAXS Studies on Conductive Lithium Indium Chloride Electrolyte for All Solid-State Batteries

Solid-state electrolytes (SSEs), such as lithium indium chloride (Li₃InCl₆, LIC), are essential for advancing all-solid-state batteries (ASSBs). However, challenges related to ionic conductivity, phase stability, grain boundary resistance, dendrite formation, and interfacial compatibility with lithium metal persist. This study aims to investigate the microstructural and nanostructural evolution of LIC during electrochemical cycling using operando Small-Angle X-ray Scattering (SAXS) and Wide-Angle X-ray Scattering (WAXS) techniques. By synthesizing LIC with different solvents—ethanol, gamma-butyrolactone, DMF, and NMP—we explore how these solvents influence the electrolyte's performance in ASSBs. Particular attention will be given to the interface between Li metal and LIC, a critical factor in determining battery stability and efficiency. Our findings will provide valuable insights into the factors that influence ionic conductivity, interfacial stability, and overall battery performance