Electronic Cigarette Use Promotes a Unique Periodontal Microbiome

Electronic cigarette aerosol contains unique chemicals that can alter the oral microbiome and promote dysbiosis. Using 16S rRNA gene high-throughput sequencing to assess microbial community composition, we compared subgingival plaque samples from a longitudinal study containing 84 subjects who were either conventional smokers, e-cigarette smokers, or nonsmokers. Our data suggest that e-cig use promotes a unique periodontal microbiome, existing as a unique heterogeneous state between smoking and nonsmoking.