TABLE 2 in Woznikella triradiata n. gen., n. sp. - a new kannemeyeriiform dicynodont from the Late Triassic of northern Pangea and the global distribution of Triassic dicynodonts

TABLE 2. — Remains historically considered to belong to post-Permian Dicynodontia or confused with them,but in fact of Permian age and/or not being dicynodonts.
Original descriptionCountryComments“ Colossoemys macrococcygeana ” Rodrigues, 1892 /“cf. Dicynodon turpior ” von Huene, 1935 unnumbered specimen (von Huene 1944)Peru (Rodrigues 1892; von Huene 1944; Camp & Welles 1956)A bone fragment described as an ilium of a Miocene chelid turtle (one of several syntypes described and figured by Rodrigues 1892; see Ferreira et al. 2006 for more information about the history of the syntype material), later reinterpreted as a partial humerus of a Late Triassic dicynodont (von Huene 1944; Camp & Welles 1956), now lost; probably part of a xenarthran humerus (Price 1956; Paula-Couto 1960; de Lapparent de Broin et al. 1993; Ferreira et al. 2006)Daptocephalus leoniceps (Owen, 1876) AMNHFARB 5598, RC 96, SAM-PK-7849 (Broom 1921, 1948, Haughton 1924, von Huene 1925, Haughton & Brink 1954, Cruickshank 1967)South Africa (Owen 1876; Broom 1921, 1948; Haughton 1924; von Huene 1925; Haughton & Brink 1954; Cruickshank 1967; Kitching 1977; Kammerer et al. 2011)Three skulls originally described as “ Dicynodon osborni ” Broom, 1921, “ Dicynodon leontocephalus ” Broom, 1948, and “ Dicynodon watsoni ” Broom, 1921 (all subsequently synonymized with Daptocephalus leoniceps; see Kammerer et al. 2011), and originally thought to originate from the Triassic “ Lystrosaurus AZ” (Broom 1921, 1948; Haughton 1924; von Huene 1925; Haughton & Brink 1954); independently, Cruickshank (1967), citing personal communication with Crompton, noted the presence of Daptocephalus leoniceps in the “ Lystrosaurus AZ ”; most likely, however, all occurrences of Daptocephalus leoniceps are Permian and the confusion arose due to the presence of Lystrosaurus spp. in the latest Permian Lystrosaurus maccaigi-Moschorhinus SZ of the Daptocephalus AZ (Kitching 1977; Kammerer et al. 2011; Viglietti 2020)“ Dicynodon incisivum ” Repelin, 1923 unnumbered specimenLaos (Repelin 1923; Yuan & Young 1934b; von Huene 1935; Piveteau 1938; Colbert 1982; Brink 1988; King 1988; Battail 2009; FrÖbisch 2009; Kammerer et al. 2011)Nomen dubium, specimen lost; originally believed to be Triassic; probably Permian (Yuan & Young 1934b; Colbert 1982; Battail 2009; FrÖbisch 2009; Kammerer et al. 2011)“ Dicynodon ingens ” Broom, 1908b unnumbered specimensSouth Africa (Broom 1908b, 1909; Haughton 1924; Kammerer et al. 2011)Nomen dubium, several cranial and postcranial specimens, now lost; noted by Broom (1909) as possibly originating from the Triassic “ Lystrosaurus AZ ”; likely Permian (Haughton 1924; Kammerer et al. 2011)“ Dicynodon rosmarus ” Cope, 1870b unnumbered specimensUnited States (Cope 1870a, b, c; von Huene 1926b, 1935; Kammerer et al. 2013)Nomen dubium, two teeth from the Upper Triassic of the New Oxford Formation described as dicynodont tusks, now lost; probably archosaur teeth, possibly phytosaur (von Huene 1926b; Kammerer et al. 2013)Dicynodontia indet. QMF990 (former QM F15.990) (Thulborn & Turner 2003)Australia (Thulborn & Turner 2003; Knutsen & Oerlemans 2020)Bone fragments, one of which was described as a dicynodont maxilla from the Lower Cretaceous of the Allaru Formation; probably a post-Cretaceous diprotodontid mammal (Knutsen & Oerlemans 2020)Dicynodontia indet. YPM VPPU 020750 (Baird & Olsen 1983)Canada (Baird & Olsen 1983; Olsen et al. 1989; Lucas & Hunt 1993a; Nesbitt & Angielczyk 2002; Sues & Olsen 2015)Waethered skull fragment from the Carnian Wolfville Formation, initially mentioned as an indeterminate dicynodont; reinterpreded as a paracrocodylomorph pseudosuchian by Sues & Olsen (2015)“aff. Dinodontosaurus sp. ” SMNS 56891 (Lucas & Wild 1995)Germany (Lucas & Wild 1995; Maisch et al. 2009)Humerus from the Middle Triassic of the Muschelkalk; probably a temnospondyl (Maisch et al. 2009)Geikia elginensis Newton, 1893 GSM 90998-91015Scotland (Newton 1893; von Huene 1913; Kammerer et al. 2011)A series of sandstone fragments with natural molds of a skull, mandible, and limb fragments from the Cuttie’s Hillock Sandstone in Scotland, originally considered to of Triassic age (Judd 1885; Newton 1893); subsequent biostratigraphic correlations suggest a Permian age for that assemblage (e.g., von Huene 1913; Rowe 1980; Kammerer et al. 2011)Gordonia traquairi Newton, 1893 GSE 11703 and several other specimensScotland (Judd 1885; Newton 1893; von Huene 1913; Kammerer et al. 2011)Several specimens described as Gordonia traquairi Newton, 1893, Gordonia duffiana Newton, 1893, Gordonia huxleyana Newton, 1893, and Gordonia juddiana Newton, 1893, which were later synonymized (King 1988; Kammerer et al. 2011), all coming from the Cuttie’s Hillock Sandstone in Scotland, originally considered to be of Triassic age (Judd 1885; Newton 1893); subsequent biostratigraphic correlations suggest a Permian age for that assemblage (e.g., von Huene 1913; Rowe 1980; Kammerer et al. 2011)Herpetochirus brachycnemus Seeley, 1985 NHMUK R2588South Africa (Seeley 1895; von Huene 1925; Kammerer 2009)Fragmentary postcranial skeleton from South Africa, noted by von Huene (1925) as a dicynodont from the Triassic “ Lystrosaurus AZ ”; probably Permian therocephalian (Seeley 1895; Kammerer 2009)“ Ischigualastia boreni ” Edler, 2000 TTU P-9427United States (Edler 2000; Nesbitt & Bone fragment from the Norian of the Cooper Canyon Formation, Angielczyk 2002; Martz 2008) interpreted as a preorbital part of a stahleckeriid skull; its dicynodont affinity was subsequently questioned (Nesbitt & Angielczyk 2002); probably posterior part of a pseudosuchian mandible (Martz 2008)“ Lystrosaurus sp. ” MCN PV1872 and MCN PV1873 (Schwanke & Kellner 1999, Langer & Lavina 2000)Brazil (Schwanke & Kellner 1999; Langer & Lavina 2000; Dias-da-Silva et al. 2017)Two specimens from the Lower Triassic of the Sanga do Cabral Formation, described as lystrosaurid stapes; probably procolophonid sacral ribs (Dias-da-Silva et al. 2017)Theromus leptonotus Seeley, 1985 NHMUK R2585, NHMUK R2587South Africa (Seeley 1895; Watson 1911; von Huene 1925; Kammerer 2009)Fragmentary postcranial skeleton from South Africa, noted by von Huene (1925) as a dicynodont from the Triassic “ Lystrosaurus AZ”; in fact either a therocephalian (Seeley 1895; Watson 1911) or non-dicynodont anomodont (Kammerer 2009), probably Permian (Seeley 1895; Watson 1911)