Animal experiments of carbohydrate restriction/ketogenic diet and cancer.

aTime: Time of study (weeks); bC: Conclusion of the study, “+” indicates a positive conclusion and “-” represents a negative conclusion; cQ: Quality of the study according to a critical checklist of the Stroke Therapy Academic Industry Roundtable; dS: The step(s) of cancer that dietary restriction regimens interfere during the initiation, progression and metastasis of cancer, “I” indicates initiation, “P” indicates progression and “M” indicates metastasis; eTP: transplanted; fC: carbohydrate; g KC: a nutritionally balanced and commercially available ketogenic diet; h SD: standard diet; i KD: ketogenic diet; j/: not specified; kNCKD: no-carbohydrate ketogenic diet. Animal experiments of carbohydrate restriction/ketogenic diet and cancer.