HBO1 catalyzes lysine lactylation and mediates histone H3K9la to regulate gene transcription

Lysine lactylation (Kla) links metabolism and gene regulation and plays a key role in multiple biological processes. However, the regulatory mechanism and functional consequence of Kla remain to be explored. Here, we report that HBO1 functions as a lysine lactyltransferase to regulate transcription. Interestingly, CUT&Tag assays demonstrate that HBO1 is required for histone H3K9la on TSSs and the regulated Kla can facilitate in signaling pathways and progress of tumorigenesis. Our study reveals HBO1 serves as a lactyltransferase to mediate a histone Kla-dependent gene transcription. To study the common gene of HBO1 and H3K9la localization in HeLa cells, and to study the differential gene of H3K9la in HeLa-WT and HeLa-HBO1-KO.