Oncological Risk of Agricultural Zones (ORAZ) — Russia, 2022

This dataset accompanies the research article "The Oncological Footprint of Industrial Dairy Systems in Russia: Evidence of a Regional Anomaly Driven by Agricultural Intensification". It introduces the Oncological Risk of Agricultural Zones (ORAZ) index — a novel composite metric designed to quantify the latent oncological risk associated not with dairy consumption, but with the intensity of industrial dairy production in a region. The index integrates four environmental and agricultural dimensions: Livestock density (dairy cattle per 1,000 ha of arable land)Agrochemical load (mineral fertilizers + 0.5 × pesticides, kg/ha)Water vulnerability (proximity of livestock operations to surface water bodies)Ecological fragility (low forest cover as a proxy for reduced environmental buffering)The dataset covers 78 federal subjects of the Russian Federation for the year 2022 and includes: Calculated ORAZ values (normalized, mean = 1.0)Oncological anomalies (Δ): residuals from a multivariate model predicting cancer incidence based on socioeconomic, demographic, and diagnostic factorsInput variables: GDP per capita, livestock statistics, agrochemical use, forest cover, and moreA statistically significant correlation (r = 0.71, p < 0.001) was found between high ORAZ scores and unexplained excess cancer incidence—particularly in the Central Black Earth zone—while traditional pastoral regions (e.g., Altai, Tuva) show low ORAZ and negative anomalies despite high dairy availability. This work reframes agricultural intensification as an environmental determinant of cancer risk and provides a scalable tool for eco-oncological surveillance in rapidly industrializing regions. Files included: oraz_regions_full.csv — main datasetsources_description.txt — data provenance and methodologycalculate_oraz.py — demonstrative Python scriptoraz_russia.geojson — GIS layer with simplified regional boundaries All source data are derived from open Russian federal statistics (Rosstat, Federal Oncological Registry, Ministry of Agriculture). The dataset is published to support transparency, reproducibility, and further research at the intersection of food systems, environmental health, and oncology.