T-regulatory cells play a crucial role in supporting Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia pathogenesis via CD40/CD40-ligand

In the present study we demonstrate that WM cells can induce Treg activation and expansion; moreover, the Treg induced phenotype is more significantly enhanced within the context of CXCR4/C1013G-mutated WM cell. By performing single-cell RNA sequencing studies, we have unveiled that Treg immunosuppressive activity may result from the interaction mediated by TNF-family ligands (i.e., CD40L) and related receptors, expressed by WM cells and Tregs, respectively.