Quality of Employment Survey, 1972-1973

This study contains data on the working conditions of 1,455 workers aged 16 and older who were working for pay for 20 or more hours per week in the United States in the period 1972-1973. This survey is the second undertaken by the investigators to provide an overview of working conditions in the American labor force. The aims of this survey and many of the questions that were asked were comparable to those of the related collection, SURVEY OF WORKING CONDITIONS, 1969-1970 (ICPSR 3507). Among the major aims of this survey were: (1) assessment of the frequency and severity of work-related problems experienced by employed people in general and by major demographic and occupational subgroups, (2) identification of major demographic or occupational groups that were most affected by these problems, (3) development of valid measures of job satisfaction suitable for use with samples of workers in heterogenous occupations and under a variety of conditions, (4) assessment of the impact of working conditions upon the well-being of workers, especially their physical and mental well-being, and (5) establishment of normative statistics that might permit other investigators to compare their data from more limited subsamples of workers with national norms. The major measures used in both surveys were the frequency and severity of labor standards problems, the quality of employment indicators that were shown to be predictors of job satisfaction, the job satisfaction indices themselves, and the ratings of important job facets. Respondents were asked questions about many facets of their job situations and other areas of their lives that might be affected by their jobs in order to assess the impact of work on them. Questions included job tension, security, physical health, job satisfaction, and financial well-being. A series of questions regarding job expectations were also asked. Additional questions probed respondents' feelings about their relationship with their supervisors and their overall contentment with their jobs and with life in general. This survey differs from the earlier survey in the greater emphasis that was placed on questions related to respondents' physical health, drinking habits, and career development. The structured interview schedule contained both closed and open-ended questions. Many of the open-ended questions were directed at estimating the frequency and type of labor standards problems, such as those with unions, discrimination, physical working conditions, wages, and work schedules. Demographic variables provide information on age, sex, race, education, and income.

本研究收集了1972-1973年间在美国工作的1,455名16岁及以上工人的工作条件数据，这些工人每周工作时间至少20小时。此次调查是调查员进行的第二次调查，旨在概述美国劳动力市场的工作条件。本次调查的目标与相关数据集《1969-1970年工作条件调查》（ICPSR 3507）的目标相一致，包括：（1）评估一般雇员及主要人口统计学和职业群体所经历的工作相关问题的频率和严重程度；（2）识别受这些问题影响最大的主要人口统计学或职业群体；（3）开发适用于不同职业和多种条件下工人样本的有效工作满意度测量方法；（4）评估工作条件对工人福祉的影响，尤其是他们的身心健康；（5）建立规范性统计数据，以便其他研究者将他们的来自更有限工人子样本的数据与国家规范进行比较。两次调查的主要衡量指标包括劳动标准问题的频率和严重程度、作为工作满意度预测因子的就业质量指标、工作满意度指数以及重要工作方面的评分。受访者被问及许多与他们工作状况及其他可能受工作影响的个人生活领域相关的问题，以评估工作对他们的影响。问题包括工作压力、安全感、身体健康、工作满意度和财务状况。还询问了一系列关于工作期望的问题。附加问题旨在探究受访者对与上司关系的感受以及他们对工作及生活的总体满意度。与早期调查相比，本次调查更加重视与受访者身体健康、饮酒习惯和职业发展相关的问题。结构化访谈日程包括封闭式和开放式问题。许多开放式问题旨在估计与工会、歧视、工作条件、工资和工作时间表相关的劳动标准问题的频率和类型。人口统计学变量提供了关于年龄、性别、种族、教育和收入的信息。