Expression of BCL2, BCL2L1

Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) is a key regulator of gene expression in response to signaling of many cytokines including interleukin-6 (IL6), Oncostatin M, and leukemia inhibitory factor. Using microarray techniques, hundreds of genes have been reported as potential STAT3 target genes (Dauer et al. 2005, Hsieh et al. 2005). Some of these genes have been proven to be direct STAT3 targets using genome-wide chromatin immunoprecipitation screening (Snyder et al. 2008, Carpenter & Lo 2014), including the mitochondrial outer membrane protein genes Apoptosis regulator BCL2 (Bhattacharya et al. 2005) and Bcl-2-like protein 1 (BCL2L1, Bcl-XL) (Catlett-Falcone et al. 1999).<p>Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus type 1 (SARS-CoV-1) E protein was reported to induce apoptosis by sequestering anti-apoptotic BCL2L1 to membranes of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and Golgi, where viral E protein is located (Yang Y et al. 2005). Similar findings were reported for SARS-CoV-1 7a (Tan YX et al. 2007).

信号转导和转录激活因子3（STAT3）是众多细胞因子（包括白细胞介素-6（IL6）、Oncostatin M和白血病抑制因子）信号传导中基因表达的关键调控因子。通过微阵列技术，已有数百个基因被报道为潜在的STAT3靶基因（Dauer等，2005年，Hsieh等，2005年）。其中一些基因已被证实是直接的STAT3靶基因，通过全基因组染色质免疫沉淀筛选方法得到验证（Snyder等，2008年，Carpenter & Lo，2014年），包括线粒体外膜蛋白基因（Bhattacharya等，2005年）以及凋亡调节因子BCL2（Bhattacharya et al. 2005）和Bcl-2样蛋白1（BCL2L1，Bcl-XL）（Catlett-Falcone et al. 1999）。严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒1型（SARS-CoV-1）的E蛋白被报道通过将抗凋亡的BCL2L1隔离在内质网（ER）和高尔基体的膜上，从而诱导细胞凋亡，而病毒E蛋白就位于这些区域（Yang Y et al. 2005）。类似的发现也见于SARS-CoV-1 7a（Tan YX et al. 2007）。