Profiling of miRNA in pediatric Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) in Egyptian population

Among children, leukemia is a severe hematological malignancy, and Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) is considered the second most severe type, comprising 15-20% of all pediatric leukemia cases. AML is a highly diverse disease in terms of various cytogenetic patterns and molecular abnormalities, all of which contribute to the malignant transformation of hematopoietic progenitor cells. MicroRNAs are short non-coding molecules consisting of approximately 22 nucleotides in length that regulate gene expression by binding to specific sites in messenger RNA and inhibiting its translation. Although patient outcomes have improved over the last few decades, overall survival rates are still around 60-70%, and the rate of recurrence is high. To date, no study has identified prognostic patterns among pediatric AML subgroups based on the screening of miRNAs. Therefore, a comprehensive overview of miRNAs is urgently needed to unravel their role in AML patients' outcomes, as well as to understand the way of treatment response.