Comparison of median (min-max) values for cardiac output measured via ultrasound dilution or M-mode echocardiography in six, isoflurane anesthetized, mature alpacas during isoflurane induced hypotension, normotension and phenylephrine infusion (0.5–3 mcg/kg/min) induced hypertension.

Hypotension was defined as a mean blood pressure between 45 and 55 mmHg, normotension was defined as a mean blood pressure between 65 and 75 mm Hg and hypertension was defined as a mean blood pressure greater than 85 mmHg.