MeteoEurope1km - TMEAN (2011–2020): daily gridded meteorological dataset for Europe at a 1-km spatial resolution

MeteoEurope1km is the daily gridded meteorological dataset for Europe at a 1-km spatial resolution for the 1961–2020 period. This record holds TMEAN – mean temperature for 2011–2020: 3,653 daily rasters, one per calendar day from 2011-01-01 to 2020-12-31, with no missing days and no duplicate dates. Daily gridded temperature data were interpolated using the Regression Kriging, with digital elevation model (DEM) and topographic wetness index (TWI) as covariates. Packaging The rasters are delivered as one ZIP archive per year, 10 in this record, named tmean_yyyy_equi7.zip. The archives are stored without compression: a Cloud-Optimized GeoTIFF is already compressed internally, so compressing it again gains almost nothing, and stored entries let a reader pull a single raster straight out of an archive over HTTP without downloading the whole year. Rasters sit at the top level of each archive, with no folders and with their names unchanged. File naming Inside the archives the naming convention is var_day_yyyymmdd_proj.tif (e.g. tmean_day_20201231_equi7.tif), where: var is a daily meteorological variable name – tmax, tmin, tmean, slp, or prcp proj is the dataset projection – equi7, the Europe zone of the Equi7Grid (EPSG:27704) Grid Coordinate reference system EPSG:27704 (WGS 84 / Equi7 Europe), the azimuthal equidistant projection of the Europe zone of the Equi7Grid. Pixel size 1000 m. Grid dimensions 8229 x 5588 pixels, covering 101.731, 443.657 to 8229101.731, 5588443.657 in projected coordinates. The rasters are Cloud-Optimized GeoTIFFs with LZW compression, 512 x 512 internal tiles and five overview levels. Values Units of the dataset values are tenths of a degree in the Celsius scale (°C). All dataset values are stored as integers (Int16 data type) in order to reduce the size of the GeoTIFF files, i.e. values should be divided by 10 to obtain degrees Celsius. The NoData value is -9999 and covers approximately 77.6 percent of the grid, being sea surface and land outside the mapped extent; NoData pixels must be masked before any calculation. Use the R meteo package, europe1km function, to make a point query and obtain the values for a specific location and a specific period. Version This release was recomputed in 2024 and is delivered in the Equi7Grid Europe projection. It supersedes the 2023 release in EPSG:3035, of which TMAX 1991–2000 was published as 10.5281/zenodo.8308358.