Puerarin alleviates atherosclerosis via the inhibition of Prevotella copri and its trimethylamine production

Objective Puerarin (PU) is a natural compound that exhibits limited oral bioavailability but has shown promise in the treatment of atherosclerosis (AS). However, the precise mechanisms underlying its therapeutic effects remain incompletely understood. This study aimed to investigate the effects of PU and its mechanisms in mitigating AS in both mice and humans.
Design The impact of PU on AS was examined in ApoE-/- mice fed a high-fat diet (HFD) and in human patients with carotid artery plaque. To explore the causal link between PU-associated gut microbiota and AS, faecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) and mono-colonization of mice with Prevotella copri (P. copri) were employed.
Results PU alleviated AS by modulating the gut microbiota, as evidenced by alterations in gut microbiota composition and the amelioration of AS following FMT from PU-treated mice into ApoE-/- mice fed HFD. Specifically, PU reduced the abundance of P. copri, which exacerbated AS by producing trimethylamine (TMA)...., The RNA extraction, sequencing, and library construction were performed according to previously published methods with minor modifications.[1,2] In brief, total RNA was extracted from samples using commercial kits (Guangdong Magigene Biotechnology Co., Ltd, China), and RNA quantity was measured using Qubit 3.0 (Thermo Fisher Scientific, MA, USA) and Nanodrop One (Thermo Fisher Scientific, MA, USA) instruments. Whole mRNAseq libraries were generated using the NEB Next® Ultra™ Nondirectional RNA Library Prep Kit for Illumina® (New England Biolabs, USA), following the manufacturer’s recommended protocol. The library was then sequenced using an Illumina NovaSeq 6000 platform. For mRNA analysis, raw data underwent quality control and the reads were mapped to a reference genome. After sequence alignment, gene expression levels were quantified and analyzed, and differentially expressed genes between two conditions/groups were identified using edgeR (version 3.16.5). The resulting p-values were..., , # Data from: Puerarin Alleviates Atherosclerosis via the Inhibition of Prevotella copri and its Trimethylamine Production

[https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.sf7m0cgfg ](https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.sf7m0cgfg)

**Description of the Data and file structure**

The file contains the results of RNA-seq analysis from the study titled \"Puerarin Alleviates Atherosclerosis via the Inhibition of Pre...