The impacts of poor water quality on the residential areas of Emfuleni local municipality: a case study of perceptions in the Rietspruit River catchment in South Africa

The study aimed to assess the impacts on four township areas under Emfuleni Local Municipality of poor water quality from inadequate wastewater management. The failure of the municipality to upgrade and maintain the wastewater treatment facilities has been ongoing for many years and raw sewage spills have been observed on the streets. The objectives of the study were addressed through questionnaires directed at obtaining feedback from household and small business participants. In total, 260 respondents participated, and the results showed differences in the perceptions of impacts due to poor water quality per area of residence; these were significant at 99% confidence interval. Results showed concerns about the impact of wastewater and poor infrastructure on the livelihoods of both residents and business owners. In conclusion, the infrastructural problems resulting in water quality issues have caused severe socio-economic strain on residents and businesses alike.