RECYCLING TRENDS OF PRODUCTION WASTE FROM BASALT FIBER-BASED THERMAL INSULATION MATERIALS

This study presents a comprehensive analysis of current and emerging recycling trends for basalt fiber insulation production waste, based on a review of 65 scientific and technical sources published between 2015 and 2024. Four principal recycling routes are identified and evaluated: (1) re-melting and re-fiberization, (2) utilization as a reinforcing filler in cementitious and geopolymer composites, (3) incorporation as a sintering additive in ceramic production, and (4) application as a modifier in asphalt road mixtures. Comparative quantitative assessment shows that composite filler applications achieve waste utilization rates of 80–95% and reduce raw material costs by 25–35%, while improving compressive strength of concrete by 12–27%. Re-melting, though technically mature, is energy-intensive and limited to clean fiber trimmings. Geopolymer-based applications offer the most promising pathway for processing dust fractions (< 5 μm). The findings demonstrate that a multi-route recycling strategy, tailored to specific waste types and local industrial conditions, can significantly advance the circular economy in the basalt fiber sector.