Table_3_Fusarioid community diversity associated with conifer seedlings in forest nurseries across the contiguous USA.xlsx

IntroductionFusarioid fungi that cause damping-off and root diseases can result in significant losses to conifer crops produced in forest nurseries across the USA. These nurseries are vital to reforestation and forest restoration efforts. Understanding the diversity of Fusarioid fungi associated with damping-off and root diseases of conifer seedlings can provide an approach for targeted management techniques to limit seedling losses and pathogen spread to novel landscapes.MethodsThis study identifies 26 Fusarium spp. (F. acuminatum, F. annulatum, F. avenaceum, F. brachygibbosum, F. clavus, F. commune, F. cugenangense, F. diversisporum, F. elaeagni, F. elaeidis, F. flocciferum, F. fredkrugeri, F. fujikuroi, F. grosmichelii, F. ipomoeae, F. lactis, F. languescens, F. luffae, F. odoratissimum, F. oxysporum, F. queenslandicum, F. redolens, F. torulosum, F. triseptatum, F. vanleeuwenii, & F. verticillioides), 15 potential species within Fusarium and Neocosmospora species complexes (two from F. fujikuroi species complex, nine from F. oxysporum species complex, three from F. tricinctum species complex, and one from Neocosmospora species complex), and four Neocosmospora spp. (N. falciforme, N. metavorans, N. pisi, & N. solani) and associated host information collected from conifer-producing nurseries across the contiguous USA.ResultsPhylogenetic analyses identified Fusarioid fungi haplotypes that were associated with 1) host specificity, 2) localization to geographic regions, or 3) generalists found on multiple hosts across diverse geographic regions.DiscussionThe haplotypes and novel species identified on conifer seedlings should be considered for further analysis to determine pathogenicity, pathogen spread, and assess management practices.

引言：导致苗木枯萎和根腐病的 Fusarioid 真菌，对美国各地森林苗圃生产的针叶作物造成了巨大的经济损失。这些苗圃对于森林的重新造林和恢复工作至关重要。了解与苗木枯萎和根腐病相关的 Fusarioid 真菌的多样性，可以为实施有针对性的管理技术提供途径，以限制苗木损失和病原体向新景观的传播。方法：本研究鉴定了 26 种 Fusarium（包括 F. acuminatum、F. annulatum、F. avenaceum、F. brachygibbosum、F. clavus、F. commune、F. cugenangense、F. diversisporum、F. elaeagni、F. elaeidis、F. flocciferum、F. fredkrugeri、F. fujikuroi、F. grosmichelii、F. ipomoeae、F. lactis、F. languescens、F. luffae、F. odoratissimum、F. oxysporum、F. queenslandicum、F. redolens、F. torulosum、F. triseptatum、F. vanleeuwenii 和 F. verticillioides），15 种 Fusarium 和 Neocosmospora 物种复合体中的潜在物种（其中两种来自 F. fujikuroi 物种复合体，九种来自 F. oxysporum 物种复合体，三种来自 F. tricinctum 物种复合体，一种来自 Neocosmospora 物种复合体），以及四种 Neocosmospora（N. falciforme、N. metavorans、N. pisi 和 N. solani）及其相关的宿主信息，这些信息来自美国连续地区生产的针叶苗圃。结果：系统发育分析识别了与 1）宿主特异性，2）地理区域的定位，或 3）在多个宿主和不同地理区域发现的泛化型 Fusarioid 真菌单倍型。讨论：在针叶苗木上发现的单倍型和新型物种应考虑进行进一步分析，以确定致病性、病原体传播以及评估管理实践。