REGIONAL AND AGE-BASED CLASSIFICATION OF MEDICAL ERRORS IN OBSTETRIC AND GYNECOLOGICAL PRACTICE

Background. Obstetric and gynecological practice is one of the most high-risk areas of medicine, where medical errors may lead to severe complications and mortality. Forensic medical analysis of such cases plays an essential role in identifying iatrogenic conditions and improving the quality of healthcare services.

Objective. To improve the criteria for forensic medical evaluation of defects in obstetric and gynecological care through analysis of regional and age-related characteristics of medical errors.

Materials and Methods. A retrospective study was conducted based on 150 commission forensic medical examination reports collected from regional branches (Khorezm, Bukhara, Republic of Karakalpakstan, and Tashkent) during 2020–2024. Among them, 40 cases with confirmed iatrogenic pathology were selected for detailed analysis. Clinical documentation, autopsy findings, and morphological data were examined. Statistical analysis was performed using Fisher’s exact test (p < 0.05).

Results. The study revealed that iatrogenic cases were mainly associated with surgical, therapeutic, diagnostic, and preventive errors. Regional distribution showed the highest number of cases in Khorezm (14 cases) and the Republic of Karakalpakstan (12 cases), followed by Tashkent (8 cases) and Bukhara (6 cases).

Age-based analysis demonstrated that the majority of iatrogenic cases occurred in patients aged 31–40 years (18 cases), followed by 21–30 years (12 cases), 41–50 years (7 cases), and 51–60 years (3 cases).

Statistical analysis confirmed significant regional differences (p < 0.05), indicating that the distribution of iatrogenic cases is not random but influenced by regional healthcare factors.

Conclusion. Medical errors in obstetric and gynecological practice significantly contribute to the development of iatrogenic pathology. The highest risk is observed in patients aged 31–40 years and in certain regions with higher case frequencies. Forensic medical evaluation based on clinical and morphological data provides objective conclusions and helps identify systemic problems in healthcare delivery.