Grass production dataset in central and eastern Mongolia based remote sensing (2006–2015)

Grass production is an important basis for scientific use of grassland resources and management decision-making concerning grass-livestock balance. An accurate timely understanding of the spatio-temporal distribution of grass production and its changes is of great significance for the sustainable development of grassland ecological environment. This dataset used MODIS remote sensing data and meteorological data, in combination with grassland sampling data, to construct a grass production estimation model suitable for high altitude and arid environment in Mongolia. An optimal model was obtained based on an accuracy evaluation of the models, which was used to obtain the spatial and temporal distribution data of grass production in the six provinces of central and eastern Mongolia from 2006 to 2015. The results of data quality evaluation showed that exponential model was more suitable for the estimation of grassland production in this area than linear model or multi-linear model. The exponential model based on MSAVI had the best simulation effect, R2 was 0.72, RMSE was 279.09 kg/hm2, and the simulation accuracy was 78%. This data set is in TIF format with a data volume of 113 MB.