Scaling the high latitudes: evolution, diversification, and dispersal of Coryphella nudibranchs across the Northern Hemisphere

Supplementary material for the paper 

Irina A. Ekimova, Dimitry M. Schepetov, Brenna Green, Maria V. Stanovova, Tatiana I. Antokhina, Terrence Gosliner, Manuel Antonio E. Malaquias, Ángel Valdés,Scaling the high latitudes: evolution, diversification, and dispersal of Coryphella nudibranchs across the Northern Hemisphere,Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 2024, 108214,https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2024.108214

Table S1. Specimens used in the present study with information on vouchers and GB accession numbers.

Table S2. Best-fit models for each gene dataset and fragment length (bp)

Table S3. Results of model test in ancestral area reconstruction analysis implemented in RASP

Table S4. Distribution and ecological traits of Coryphella species.

Table S5. Results of population analyses: pairwise Gst, Dst and Fst for Coryphella verrucosa populations.

Table S6. Morphological traits of all currently accepted Coryphella species

Data S1. Protocols for DNA extraction, amplification, sequencing

Data S2. Unedited ML and BI concatenated trees, alignment without Coryphella verta

Data S3. Unedited ML and BI concatenated trees, alignment with Coryphella verta

Figure S1. Molecular phylogenetic hypothesis based on the Maximum Likelihood analysis, concatenated dataset of five markers (COI + 16S + H3 + 28S + 18S), the dataset includes tropical Atlantic Coryphella verta. Species-level clades and outgroups are collapsed to a single branch. Numbers above branches indicate posterior probabilities from Bayesian Inference, numbers below branches – bootstrap support from Maximum Likelihood.

Figure S2. Molecular phylogenetic hypothesis based on the Maximum Likelihood analysis, concatenated dataset of four markers (COI + 16S + H3 + 28S). Numbers above branches bootstrap support from Maximum Likelihood.

Figure S3. Molecular phylogenetic hypothesis based on the Bayesian Inference, concatenated dataset of four markers (COI + 16S + H3 + 28S). Numbers above branches indicate posterior probabilities from Bayesian Inference.

Figure S4. Results of phylogeographic analysis of trans-Arctic C. verrucosa (a), C. nobilis (b), C. amabilis / C. gracilis (c), based on the Coalescent approach from BEAST for the COI dataset using the tentative group-specific divergence rates of 6.1% My−1 for gastropods. Coding of each collection locality is given on the upper left, same localities were tested in the Ancestral area reconstruction analysis (AAR). For respective deep nodes the results of AAR are given, and divergent time estimates are displayed on respective nodes with error bars for node ages of 95% highest posterior density intervals. Colored dots in respective terminals indicate the collection locality for each specimen. Grey-shaded blocks indicate interglacial periods HOL (Holocene, Marine Isotope Stage 1 (M1)): 0-10 Kya, LIG (Last Intergracial, M5): 115-130 Kya, LBI (La Bouchet Interglacial (M7): 190-205 and 230-242 Kya, PI (Purfleet Interglacial, M9): 300-337 Kya, HI (Hoxonian Interglacial, M11): 374-424 Kya, M13 (Marine Isotope stage 13): 474-524 Kya. X-axis shows dating in Kya on A, B and in Mya on C.