Individual differences in sociocognitive traits in semi-free-ranging rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta)

Characterizing individual differences in cognition is crucial for understanding the evolution of cognition as well as to test the biological consequences of different cognitive traits. Here, we harnessed the strengths of a uniquely large, naturally-living primate population at the Cayo Santiago Biological Field Station to characterized individual differences in rhesus monkey performance across two social cognitive tasks. A total of n = 204 semi-free-ranging adult rhesus monkeys participated in a data collection procedure, where we aimed to test individuals on both tasks at two time-points that were one year apart. In the socioemotional responses task, we assessed monkeys' attention to conspecific photographs with neutral versus negative emotional expressions. We found that monkeys showed overall declines in interest in conspecific photographs with age, but relative increases in attention to threat stimuli specifically, and further that these responses exhibited long-term stability acros..., See detailed methods in the manuscript. , , # Data from: Individual differences in sociocognitive traits in semi-free-ranging rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta)

[https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.pzgmsbcw4](https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.pzgmsbcw4)

Study Authors: Alexis A. Diaz, Raisa Hernández-Pacheco, & Alexandra G. Rosati

Correspondence to [[e-mail]](mailto:[e-mail]) or [[e-mail]](mailto:[e-mail])

## Description of the data and file structure

This data set consists of two data files (.xlsx format) for the different components of the data reported in this work. For each file, there is a key tab in the file defining each variable reported in the main data tab. The specific files are:

1. Diaz et al Rhesus Socioemotional Responses: This file has trial-level data from the socioemotional responses task across two years.
2. Diaz et al Rhesus Gaze Following: This file has trial-level data from the gaze following task across two years.