Advances in detection technologies for seabed gas leakage

In both natural and industrial settings, the issue of underwater gas leakage has received increasing attention. This encompasses leaks resulting from ocean engineering endeavors as well as those that occur naturally. Such leaks have emerged as a major challenge for the protection of marine environments. To accurately obtain information from these emergencies and implement prompt responses, experts across various disciplines have been suggesting and investigating novel, dependable methods for detecting underwater gas leaks over the last few decades. Building upon thorough and detailed research of existing technologies, this article examines carrier detection and marine environmental detection, systematically evaluates the current leading technologies for detecting seabed gas leaks. Furthermore, the article offers a detailed analysis of the various challenges currently faced by gas leak detection and anticipates future development trends, with the aim of providing reference and insights for research and practice in related areas.