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This dataset contains the raw and processed experimental data supporting the study entitled “Magnetic Fe₃O₄@Cr-MOF Hybrid Adsorbent for Efficient Organic Dye Separation: Mechanistic Insights and Process Optimization.” The data include adsorption isotherm and kinetic measurements, thermodynamic parameters, response surface methodology (RSM) optimization results, and characterization data (XRD, FTIR, BET surface area, and SEM analysis). These data support the evaluation of adsorption performance, mechanistic interpretation, and process optimization for organic dye removal from aqueous systems.s