Evaluation of metabolomic changes in serum and intestinal content of morbidly obese patients subjected to bariatric intervention - part 2 Fatty acids analysis

<p class="MsoNormal">Obesity, a major health condition in the modern world, poses
numerous health risks and can reduce life expectancy by 8 to 10 years. The most
effective treatment for obesity remains bariatric surgery, which results in
significant weight loss and improved metabolism. Currently, few surgical
techniques are performed, and the choice of the procedure is dependent on the
age of the patient, the presence and severity of co-morbidities, and the BMI.
Some of the most commonly performed bariatric procedures are laparoscopic
sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) and one anastomosis gastric bypass (OAGB). Both
techniques are effective in inducing weight loss and improving markers of
obesity-related diseases, as well as overall quality of life. Although the
clinical outcomes and differences between bariatric procedures are well
established, data on procedure-specific metabolic alterations remain limited.
In particular, relatively little is known about how different surgical
techniques affect fatty acid (FA) metabolism. FAs are primary components of
almost all lipids, and their composition provides valuable insights into
metabolic status, as FAs from different groups may have distinct biological
effects. Among FAs, n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) play a key role in
regulating inflammation and insulin sensitivity, processes closely linked to
obesity and its related comorbidities. Therefore, the aim of this study was to
assess and compare longitudinal changes in FA composition following LSG and
OAGB.</p>