ADRB1 bind ADR,NAd

β-adrenergic receptors couple with G protein alpha-s subtype (Wenzel-Seifert K et al, 2002), increasing cAMP activity resulting in heart muscle contraction, smooth muscle relaxation and glycogenolysis. There are three β subtypes in humans; β1 found mainly in the heart and kidneys (Frielle et al. 1987), β2 found mainly in the lungs, vascular smooth muscle and skeletal muscle (Kobilka et al. 1987) and β3 found mainly in fat cells (Emorine et al. 1989). The catecholamines adrenaline (ADR) and noradrenaline (NaAd) are natural endogenous ligands that bind to β-adrenergic receptors and cause general physiological changes (increases in heart rate, blood pressure and glucose levels) that prepare the body for physical activity ('fight-or-flight response') (Tank & Lee Wong 2015).

β-肾上腺素受体与G蛋白α亚型（Wenzel-Seifert K等，2002年）相偶联，从而提升cAMP活性，导致心肌收缩、平滑肌松弛及糖原分解。人类中存在三种β亚型；β1亚型主要存在于心脏和肾脏（Frielle等，1987年），β2亚型主要存在于肺部、血管平滑肌和骨骼肌（Kobilka等，1987年），而β3亚型主要存在于脂肪细胞（Emorine等，1989年）。儿茶酚胺肾上腺素（ADR）和去甲肾上腺素（NaAd）是天然的内源性配体，它们与β-肾上腺素受体结合，引发一系列生理变化（心率、血压和血糖水平升高），为身体准备进行体力活动（‘战斗或逃跑反应’）（Tank & Lee Wong，2015年）。