转录组学和代谢组学揭示异甘草素对凡纳滨对虾生长和免疫调节的潜在机制

南美白对虾对疾病入侵的抵抗力对养虾业的发展至关重要。异甘草素（ISL）是否可以作为南美白对虾的有效免疫刺激剂尚不清楚。通过生长、抗氧化、凋亡和免疫来评估ISL作为免疫刺激剂的可行性。利用转录组学和代谢组学研究了ISL刺激免疫的机制。发现ISL对南美白对虾的存活率没有影响。膳食ISL可以促进生长和抗氧化、抗应激和免疫（不包括抗菌肽）相关基因的表达。转录组分析显示，许多上调的DEGs（差异表达基因）参与了免疫调节。DEGs的功能和途径显著丰富，通常涉及代谢和免疫。DM（差异代谢物）和关键代谢物节点大多与生长、营养代谢和免疫反应的调节有关。综上所述，日粮ISL可以改善南美白对虾的生长、抗氧化能力、抗逆性和免疫力。这些改善可以通过调节信号通路（Toll样受体信号通路、谷胱甘肽代谢、信号转导相关通路、HIF-1信号通路、PPAR信号通路）和改变具有抗菌、抗炎和抗氧化能力的代谢物的丰度来实现。

The disease resistance of Litopenaeus vannamei is critical to the development of the shrimp farming industry. Whether isoliquiritigenin (ISL) can act as an effective immunostimulant for Litopenaeus vannamei remains unclear. We evaluated the feasibility of ISL as an immunostimulant through growth, antioxidant, apoptosis and immune-related indices. The mechanism of ISL-stimulated immunity was investigated using transcriptomics and metabolomics. It was found that ISL had no impact on the survival rate of Litopenaeus vannamei. Dietary ISL could promote the expression of genes related to growth, antioxidant capacity, anti-stress response and immunity (excluding antimicrobial peptides). Transcriptomic analysis showed that numerous upregulated differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were involved in immune regulation. The functions and pathways of DEGs were significantly enriched, mostly involving metabolism and immunity. Differential metabolites (DMs) and key metabolite nodes were mostly associated with the regulation of growth, nutrient metabolism and immune responses. In conclusion, dietary ISL can improve the growth, antioxidant capacity, stress resistance and immunity of Litopenaeus vannamei. These improvements can be achieved by regulating signaling pathways including Toll-like receptor signaling pathway, glutathione metabolism, signal transduction-related pathways, HIF-1 signaling pathway and PPAR signaling pathway, and altering the abundance of metabolites with antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties.

搜集汇总

背景与挑战

背景概述

该数据集基于转录组学和代谢组学分析，研究异甘草素（ISL）对凡纳滨对虾（南美白对虾）生长和免疫调节的潜在机制。研究发现，膳食ISL能促进对虾生长、增强抗氧化和免疫相关基因表达，但不影响存活率；其作用机制涉及调节Toll样受体信号通路、谷胱甘肽代谢等多个通路，并改变与抗菌、抗炎和抗氧化相关的代谢物丰度。数据集覆盖2023年5月至11月在青岛进行的实验，聚焦生长、抗氧化、抗应激、细胞凋亡和免疫等要素。