Participation and Detection Rate of Screening CT Colonography and Screening Sigmoidoscopy

The objectives of this multicenter, randomized trial is to assess the participation rate achievable through two different screening strategies (Computed Tomographic Colonography-CTC and sigmoidoscopy-FS), to compare detection rate of colorectal cancer (CRC) and advanced adenoma of tests and to evaluate their costs. The role of Computer-aided detection (CAD) for CTC screening will be also assessed. The trial involves 10 Italian centers located in the Piedmont Region and in Verona. Residents aged 58-60 years in those districts are target for recruitment. Exclusion criteria include: previous diagnosis of cancer or adenoma; family history or hereditary syndromes; personal history of inflammatory bowel disease; patients screened by colonoscopy or FOBT within 2 years; severe disease.