Dataset of soil fertility evolving in typical regions of Guanzhong Plain in Shaanxi Province (2011 and 2023)

This dataset consists of 1 data file and 3 tables, which are “Sampling point information”, “Soil properties in 2011”, and “Soil properties in 2023”. The table of “Sampling point information” records the sample point code, name, longitude, latitude, and the province, prefecture-level city, county, township and village groups to which the sample plots belong, a total of 10 fields and 573 pieces of data. The table “Soil properties in 2011” records sampling time, soil type, soil pH, soil organic carbon, total phosphorus, available phosphorus and available potassium, a total of 9 fields and 443 pieces of data. The table “Soil properties in 2011” records the sampling time, soil type, soil pH, soil organic carbon, total phosphorus, available phosphorus, available potassium, total nitrogen, bulk density, plough layer thickness, degree of soil compaction, and aggregates’ composition (>2000 μm, 250-2000 μm, 53-250 μm and <53 μm), aggregate stability, available calcium, available magnesium, available iron, available manganese, available copper, available zinc, MBC, MBN, extracellular enzyme activities (BG, CBH, NAG, LAP, AP), and crop yield, a total of 33 fields and 130 pieces of data.