Yield, purity, and recovery rate of GMMA by the high yield production process.

*Total protein amount calculated as sum of GMMA-associated protein and soluble protein.
#Total protein amount measured directly by Bradford assay.
S. sonnei ΔtolR ΔgalU was grown in HTMC in a 5 L fermenter to high densities of OD 45 (A), OD 30 (B1) and OD 39 (B2) and GMMA were purified using 2-step TFF. Purification from fermentation A was performed including 5 diafiltration steps of the biomass, for GMMA purification from fermentations B1 and B2 the biomass was not subjected to diafiltration. The GMMA content in the permeate of the 0.2 TFF step (culture supernatant) and the retentate of the 0.1 µm TFF (purified GMMA) were determined by separation of GMMA from soluble protein by ultracentrifugation. Protein was quantified using Bradford assay. All samples were normalized to amount per liter fermentation broth. To compare the yields from different ODs, yields are also expressed as amount per liter fermentation per OD.