Global Ocean Dataset of ICESat-2 Theoretical Maximum Detectable Depth

The ICESat-2 theoretical maximum detectable depth (MDD) dataset provides global ocean estimates at 4 km resolution. It combines a single-photon LiDAR bathymetry model with time-varying Aqua-MODIS water optical parameters. Annual products cover 2018–2024, and quarterly products cover 2018Q1–2025Q3. Each grid cell includes geographic coordinates and MDD estimates under three day scenarios and one night scenario. The dataset also includes maps of seafloor areas potentially detectable by ICESat-2 for 2018–2024. This dataset supports assessment of global shallow-water bathymetric potential and its spatiotemporal variability. It helps identify suitable areas and observation periods for ICESat-2 bathymetry. It also supports integrated active and passive bathymetric remote sensing and provides a reference for future spaceborne LiDAR payload design. The current release includes only annual mean MDD values for 2024. For additional data, please contact us at [e-mail].