EUSTACE: Global daily air temperature combining surface and satellite data, with uncertainty estimates, for 1850-2015, v1.0

This dataset consists of a global daily analysis of surface air temperature for the whole Earth since 1850, based on combined information from satellite and in situ data sources, including uncertainty estimates. This is v1.0 of the product, which has been compiled as part of the European Union Horizon 2020 EUSTACE (EU Surface Temperature for All Corners of Earth) project. This product provides global mean air temperature data on a regular lat-lon grid with a grid spacing of 0.25 degrees, and provides daily data from 1850 to 2015. Uncertainty estimates are also provided, with both a 'total' uncertainty, and an ensemble of 10 samples. The mean temperature data and uncertainty estimates provided are consistent across a broad range of space and time scales from daily 0.25° to multidecadal global averages. The coverage is significantly better than is available from station data alone, and covers land, ocean and ice areas. This data has been derived using a statistical method to estimate air temperatures at all places and times. It takes into account uncertainty in the input data sets covering errors in the in situ measurements, land station homogenisation and errors in the air temperatures estimated from satellite data . Although the statistical model estimates temperatures at all locations, the product is not globally complete, as areas with too few data to provide a reliable air temperature estimate have been masked out.

本数据集涵盖1850年以来全球全域地表气温的逐日分析数据，整合了卫星与原位观测（in situ）两类数据源的信息，并包含不确定性评估内容。本产品为v1.0版本，系欧盟地平线2020（EU Horizon 2020）科研框架计划下EUSTACE（地球全域地表温度项目，EU Surface Temperature for All Corners of Earth）研究课题的成果之一。本产品采用0.25°经纬间距的规则经纬网格（lat-lon grid），提供1850年至2015年全球范围内各网格点的逐日平均气温数据，并附带不确定性评估，其中包含"总不确定性"与10个集合样本。所提供的平均气温数据与不确定性评估，在从0.25°分辨率逐日数据到年代际全球平均的广泛时空尺度下均保持一致性。其数据覆盖范围显著优于仅依赖台站观测数据的方案，涵盖陆地、海洋与冰区。本数据通过统计方法估算所有时空点位的气温，考虑了输入数据集的不确定性，包括原位测量误差、陆地台站均一化误差，以及卫星反演气温的误差。尽管该统计模型可估算全域点位的气温，但因数据量不足无法提供可靠气温估算的区域已被掩膜排除，因此本产品并非全球完全覆盖。

搜集汇总

背景与挑战

背景概述

EUSTACE数据集是一个结合卫星和地面观测的全球每日气温数据集，覆盖1850年至2015年，空间分辨率为0.25度，并提供不确定性估计。该数据集由欧盟EUSTACE项目开发，采用统计方法填补数据空白，但数据稀疏区域被掩膜，并非全球完全覆盖。数据集包含气温平均值、不确定性及10个样本集合，适用于气候变化和气象研究。