Diversifying large-scale participatory science: The efficacy of engagement through facilitator organizations

Large-scale, scientist-led, participatory science (citizen science) projects often engage primarily participants who are White, wealthy, and well-educated. Calls to diversify contributory projects are increasingly common, but little research has evaluated the efficacy of suggested strategies for diversification. We engaged participants in Crowd the Tap through facilitator organizations like Historically Black Colleges and Universities (HBCUs), predominantly White institutions (PWI), high school science classrooms, and corporate volunteer programs. Crowd the Tap is a contributory project focused on identifying and addressing lead contamination in household drinking water in the United States. We investigated how participant diversity with respect to race, ethnicity, and homeownership (a proxy for income) differed between participation facilitated through a partner organization and in unfacilitated participation in which participants came to the project independently. We were also interes...