Portsmouth Water Night Flow Monitoring Data

Overview Reporting of leakage from water networks is based on the concept of monitoring flows at a time when demand is at a minimum which is normally during the night. This dataset includes net night flow measurements for 10% of the publisher’s total district metered areas. This 10% has been chosen on the basis that the telemetry on site is reliable, that it is not revealing of sensitive usage patterns and that the night flow there is typical of low demand. Key Definitions Dataset A structured and organized collection of related elements, often stored digitally, used for analysis and interpretation in various fields. Data Triage The process carried out by a Data Custodian to determine if there is any evidence of sensitivities associated with Data Assets, their associated Metadata and Software Scripts used to process Data Assets if they are used as Open Data. District Metered Area (DMA) The role of a district metered area (DMA) is to divide the water distribution network into manageable areas or sectors into which the flow can be measured. These areas provide the water providers with guidance as to which DMAs (District Metered Areas) require leak detection work. Leakage The accidental admission or escape of a fluid or gas through a hole or crack Night Flow This technique considers that in a DMA, leakages can be estimated when the flow into the DMA is at its minimum. Typically, this is measured at night between 3am and 4am when customer demand is low so that network leakage can be detected. Centroid The centre of a geometric object. Data History Data Origin Companies have configured their networks to be able to continuously monitor night flows using district meters. Flow data is recorded on meters and normally transmitted daily to a data centre. Data is analysed to confirm its validity and used to derive continuous night flow in each monitored area. Data Triage Considerations Data Quality Not all DMAs provide quality data for the purposes of trend analysis. It was decided that water companies should choose 10% of their DMAs to be represented in this data set to begin with. The advice to publishers is to choose those with reliable and consistent telemetry, indicative of genuine low demand during measurement times and not revealing of sensitive night usage patterns. Data Consistency There is a concern that companies measure flow allowance for legitimate night use and/or potential night use differently. To avoid any inconsistency, it was decided that we would share the net flow. Critical National Infrastructure The release of boundary data for district metered areas has been deemed to be revealing of critical national infrastructure. Because of this, it has been decided that the data set shall only contain point data from a centroid within the DMA. Data Triage Review Frequency Every 12 months, unless otherwise requested. Data Limitations Some of the flow recorded may be legitimate nighttime usage of the network Some measuring systems automatically infill estimated measurements where none have been received via telemetry. These estimates are based on past flow. The reason for a fluctuation in night flow may not be determined by this dataset but potential causes can include seasonal variation in nighttime water usage and mains bursts Data Publish Frequency Monthly Supplementary information Below is a curated selection of links for additional reading, which provide a deeper understanding of this dataset. Ofwat – Reporting Guidance https://www.ofwat.gov.uk/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/Reporting-guidance-leakage.pdf Water UK – UK Leakage https://www.water.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2022/03/Water-UK-A-leakage-Routemap-to-2050.pdf### 概述 供水管网漏损报告通常基于夜间用水需求最低时段的流量监测理念。本数据集涵盖了发布方所有计量分区（District Metered Area, DMA）中10%区域的夜间净流量实测数据。选取这10%区域的依据为：其现场遥测系统可靠、不会泄露敏感用水模式，且夜间流量符合低需求时段的典型特征。 ### 关键定义 数据集（Dataset）：经结构化整理的相关元素集合，通常以数字形式存储，用于各领域的分析与解读。 数据筛选（Data Triage）：数据保管方针对作为开放数据使用的数据集、其关联元数据及用于处理数据集的软件脚本，开展敏感性排查的流程。 计量分区（District Metered Area, DMA）：将供水配水管网划分为可管控的区域或区段，以便开展流量监测。此类分区可为供水企业提供指引，明确哪些计量分区需要开展漏损检测工作。 漏损（Leakage）：流体或气体通过孔洞或裂缝意外进入或逸出的现象。 夜间流量（Night Flow）：该方法认为，当计量分区的进水流量处于最低值时，可估算漏损量。通常于夜间3时至4时进行测量，此时用户用水需求较低，可借此检测管网漏损。 质心（Centroid）：几何对象的中心点。 数据溯源（Data History）：企业已配置其管网系统，可借助分区计量仪表持续监测夜间流量。流量数据由计量仪表记录，通常每日传输至数据中心。经有效性校验后，该数据可用于推导各监测区域的连续夜间流量。 ### 数据筛选考量 #### 数据质量 并非所有计量分区均可提供满足趋势分析需求的优质数据。初始阶段，供水企业应选取其10%的计量分区纳入本数据集。发布方的选取建议为：遥测系统可靠且运行稳定、测量时段的低需求状态符合实际、不会泄露敏感的夜间用水模式。 #### 数据一致性 不同企业对合法夜间用水及潜在夜间用水的流量核算标准可能存在差异。为避免数据不一致，本数据集仅共享净流量数据。 #### 关键国家基础设施 计量分区的边界数据可能泄露关键国家基础设施信息。因此，本数据集仅包含计量分区内质心对应的点位数据。 #### 数据筛选复盘频率 每12个月复盘一次，除非另有要求。 #### 数据局限性 部分记录的流量可能属于管网合法夜间用水。部分测量系统会自动补填遥测未获取到的估算数据，此类估算基于历史流量数据。本数据集无法确定夜间流量波动的具体原因，潜在影响因素包括夜间用水需求的季节性变化及供水主管爆管。 #### 数据发布频率 月度发布。 ### 补充信息 以下为精选的拓展阅读链接，可帮助您深入理解本数据集： 英国水务监管办公室（Ofwat）——漏损报告指南：https://www.ofwat.gov.uk/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/Reporting-guidance-leakage.pdf 英国水务协会（Water UK）——英国漏损管控路线图至2050年：https://www.water.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2022/03/Water-UK-A-leakage-Routemap-to-2050.pdf