An observation dataset of carbon and water fluxes of winter wheat - summer maize cropland in Shunyi District, Beijing (2019~2020)

Shunyi District of Beijing is located at the northern edge of the North China Plain. Its farming pattern is a typical one of winter wheat-summer maize two-crop system in the North China region, which is a typical representative for studying the intensive agricultural ecological processes in North China. This study was conducted based on the eddy covariance observation technology in the w winter wheat-summer maize rotation farmland in Beijing. Continuous and high-frequency carbon and water flux monitoring was carried out at the half-hour, daily, monthly and annual time scales, and the ecosystem carbon fluxes, water and heat fluxes, and meteorological data for the years 2019-2020 were systematically obtained. The data set follows the quality control standards of the China Flux Observation Research Network (ChinaFLUX), and has undergone strict correction, interpolation and splitting processing to form standardized carbon and water flux and meteorological element data sets. These provide high-quality ground observation data for evaluating regional agricultural carbon sink capacity, water use efficiency, optimizing agricultural management measures, supporting crop models and remote sensing product validation, and thus have significant value in promoting the green and low-carbon development of agriculture.