Urban Accessibility Indicator 2026

2026 Urban Accessibility Indicator update The 2026 Urban Accessibility indicator (IUA) is the first major update to the IUA classification. The drive time analysis used to create the original classification has been rerun and it aligns with the most recent statistical boundaries. The most noticeable changes result from the Wānaka urban area being reclassified as a medium urban area in 2023, after its population estimate exceeded 10,000. The rural areas surrounding Wānaka are now considered to have greater accessibility to urban areas. The original IUA classification was based on 2018 boundaries. Changes to the statistical boundaries released in 2023 included separating populated and non-populated areas and incorporating recent development. These changes will result in some change to the IUA classification. The address weighted centroids used in the analysis were generated in 2023 to align with the latest Census data and the 2023 update of the SA1 and Urban Rural boundaries. There have been minimal changes to these statistical areas since 2023. Description Refer to the current geographies boundaries table for a list of all current geographies and recent updates. This dataset is the definitive version of the Urban Accessibility Indicator boundaries as at 1 January 2026, as defined by Stats NZ. The Urban Accessibility Indicator (IUA) classification provides a consistent measure of urban accessibility in order to distinguish the degrees of rurality in New Zealand. IUA classifies the geographic accessibility of rural statistical area 1s (SA1s) and small urban areas according to their proximity, or degree of remoteness, to larger urban areas. The IUA methodology uses drive time from an SA1 address weighted centroid to the outside boundary of the nearest major, large, and medium urban area (from the UR classification), to classify rural SA1s and small urban areas to one of five categories of accessibility or remoteness. Small urban areas and rural settlements are assigned to a single category based on the classification of the majority of their SA1s. The Open Source Routing Machine service using the OpenStreetMap road network was used to calculate the drive times. Rural SA1s and small urban areas are classified to the following categories: High urban accessibility: 0 to 15 minutes from major urban areas, Medium urban accessibility: 15 to 25 minutes from major urban areas, 0 to 25 minutes from large urban areas, 0 to 15 minutes from medium urban areas, Low urban accessibility: 25 to 60 minutes from major or large urban areas, 15 to 60 minutes from medium urban areas, Remote: 60 to 120 minutes from major, large or medium urban areas, Very remote: more than 120 minutes from major, large or medium urban areas. The urban accessibility indicator (IUA) classifies urban, rural, and water areas by type. The high and medium urban accessibility categories are considered to be peri-urban. The indicators, with their codes in brackets, are: urban areas – major urban area (111), large urban area (112), medium urban area (113), small urban and rural areas – high urban accessibility (221), medium urban accessibility (222), low urban accessibility (223), remote (224), very remote (225), water areas – inland water (331), inlet (332), oceanic (333). For more information refer to Urban accessibility – methodology and classification or the Statistical standard for geographic areas 2023. Lineage These boundaries are derived from the meshblock pattern. Using spatial processing tools, the meshblocks are dissolved to form higher-level geographies. The original vertices delineating the meshblock boundary pattern were digitised in 1991 from 1:5,000 scale urban maps and 1:50,000 scale rural maps. The magnitude of error of the original digital points would have been in the range of +/- 10 metres in urban areas and +/- 25 metres in rural areas. Where meshblock boundaries coincide with cadastral boundaries the magnitude of error will be within the range of 1–5 metres in urban areas and 1-100 metres in rural areas, this being the estimated magnitude of error in Landonline. High-definition version This high definition (HD) version is the most detailed geometry, suitable for use in GIS for geometric analysis operations and for the computation of areas, centroids and other metrics. Liability While care has been taken to compile these boundary coordinates, Stats NZ gives no warranty that the data supplied is free from error. Stats NZ shall not be liable for any loss suffered through the use, directly or indirectly, of any information, product or service. Macrons Names are provided with and without tohutō/macrons. The column name for those without macrons is suffixed ‘ascii’. Digital data Digital boundary data became freely available on 1 July 2007. Further information To download geographic classifications in table formats such as CSV please use Ariā. For more information please refer to the Statistical standard for geographic areas 2023. Contact: [e-mail]2026年城市可达性指标更新 2026年城市可达性指标（Urban Accessibility Indicator, IUA）是IUA分类体系的首次重大更新。用于构建原始分类的行驶时间分析已重新运行，并与最新统计边界保持一致。最显著的变更源于2023年瓦纳卡（Wānaka）城区因人口预估突破10000人，被重新归类为中等城区；瓦纳卡周边乡村区域的城区可达性得以提升。 原始IUA分类体系基于2018年统计边界制定，2023年发布的统计边界变更包括分离有人居住与无人居住区域，并纳入最新开发成果，这些变更将导致IUA分类出现部分调整。本次分析采用的地址加权质心生成于2023年，以匹配最新人口普查数据以及2023年更新的统计区域1（Statistical Area 1, SA1）和城乡分类（Urban Rural, UR）边界；自2023年以来，这些统计区域的变更幅度极小。 ## 数据集描述 如需查看所有当前地理区域列表及近期更新，请参阅当前地理边界表。本数据集是新西兰统计局（Stats NZ）定义的截至2026年1月1日的官方权威城市可达性指标边界版本。 城市可达性指标（IUA）提供了统一的城市可达性衡量标准，用于区分新西兰各地的乡村偏远程度层级。IUA根据乡村统计区域1（SA1）和小型城区与大型城区的邻近程度或偏远程度，对其地理可达性进行分类。 IUA方法论通过计算从SA1地址加权质心到最近的特大型、大型、中等城区（基于UR分类）的外部边界的行驶时间，将乡村SA1和小型城区划分为五类可达性/偏远程度等级。小型城区和乡村定居点将根据其多数SA1的分类结果，被归入单一类别。 本次行驶时间计算采用基于开放街道地图（OpenStreetMap）道路网络的开源路由机（Open Source Routing Machine）服务。 乡村SA1和小型城区的分类标准如下： - 高城市可达性：距离特大型城区0至15分钟； - 中等城市可达性：距离特大型城区15至25分钟、距离大型城区0至25分钟、距离中等城区0至15分钟； - 低城市可达性：距离特大型或大型城区25至60分钟、距离中等城区15至60分钟； - 偏远：距离特大型、大型或中等城区60至120分钟； - 极偏远：距离特大型、大型或中等城区超过120分钟。 城市可达性指标（IUA）按类型对城区、乡村区域和水域进行分类：高、中等城市可达性类别被划归为城郊区域。各类指标及其括号内的代码如下： - 城区——特大型城区（111）、大型城区（112）、中等城区（113）； - 小型城区与乡村区域——高城市可达性（221）、中等城市可达性（222）、低城市可达性（223）、偏远（224）、极偏远（225）； - 水域——内陆水域（331）、入海口水域（332）、海洋水域（333）。 如需了解更多信息，请参阅《城市可达性——方法论与分类标准》或《2023年地理区域统计标准》。 ## 数据溯源 本边界数据源自统计区块（meshblock）模式。通过空间处理工具，统计区块被融合为更高层级的地理区域。最初用于勾勒统计区块边界轮廓的顶点于1991年通过1:5000比例尺城区地图和1:50000比例尺乡村地图数字化获取。原始数字点位的误差范围在城区区域约为±10米，乡村区域约为±25米。若统计区块边界与地籍边界重合，则误差范围在城区区域为1至5米，乡村区域为1至100米，该误差范围基于新西兰地籍系统Landonline的估算误差。 ## 高清版本 本高清（High Definition, HD）版本为最精细的几何数据，适用于地理信息系统（Geographic Information System, GIS）中的几何分析操作，以及面积、质心和其他指标的计算。 ## 责任声明 尽管新西兰统计局在编制本次边界坐标时已审慎行事，但不对所提供数据不存在任何错误作出明示或默示担保。对于因直接或间接使用本数据集包含的任何信息、产品或服务而遭受的任何损失，新西兰统计局不承担任何责任。 ## 长音符号 地名提供带长音符号（tohutō/macrons）和不带长音符号两种形式，不带长音符号的列名后缀为"ascii"。 ## 数字数据 本数字边界数据于2007年7月1日正式免费公开。 ## 更多信息 如需下载表格格式（如逗号分隔值（Comma-Separated Values, CSV））的地理分类数据，请使用Ariā平台。如需了解更多信息，请参阅《2023年地理区域统计标准》。 联系方式：[e-mail]